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- Abernethy malformation: beware in cases of unexplained hepatic encephalopathy in adults-case report and review of the relevant literaturePublication . Mesquita, RD; Sousa, M; Vilaverde, F; Cardoso, RThe Abernethy malformation consists of a congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt and is believed to be extremely rare in humans. The potential implications of abnormal portovenous shunting and decreased hepatic portal flow are numerous and potentially serious. Although congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts are increasingly suspected and diagnosed in specialized centres, much of their clinical presentation and natural history is not fully understood. Symptoms of portosystemic shunt are mainly caused by increased levels of ammonia, which lead to signs of encephalopathy. Therapeutic options depend on the type of shunt and its clinical course, so the classification of the congenital portosystemic shunt is a key finding in these patients.
- A curious cause of pseudo-haematuria: a neglected vaginal pessaryPublication . Cabral-Ribeiro, J; Leite, C
- Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in a young womanPublication . Oliveira, CA; Barbosa, L; Dionísio, T
- Intralobar pulmonary sequestration: diagnostic expertisePublication . Sotto-Mayor, J; Rocha, D; Esperança, S; Oliveira e Silva, AAn obese 22-year-old man with a history of recurrent respiratory infections presented to the emergency room with left pleuritic chest pain, productive cough with mucupurulent sputum and an axillary temperature of 37.7°C. Blood work showed elevated inflammatory parameters and chest X-ray was relevant for heterogeneous infiltration in the left base and opacity of the left costophrenic angle. An angio-CT scan revealed areas of bilateral consolidation with presence of an arterial branch originating from the aorta to the collected area of the left lower lobe, consistent with a respiratory infection grafted on a intralobar pulmonary sequestration of the left lung base. The infectious process was treated and the patient was planned for a lower left lobectomy.
- Double aortic arch: a cause of stridor to rememberPublication . Baptista, V; Azevedo, I; Rio, G; Moreira, C
- When pneumonia becomes a double congenital diaphragmatic herniaPublication . Goulart, A; Torrão, H; Leão, P
- Miofibromatosis musculoesquelética multicéntricaPublication . Vieira, F; Rocha, D
- What is in? Pneumoperitoneum after sexual intercoursePublication . Botelho, P; Carvalho, AF; Torrão, H; Leão, P
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage in perivascular spaces mimicking brainstem hematomaPublication . Ribeiro, M; Howard, P; Willinsky, RA; Brugge, K; Costa, L
- Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: tips and tricks for ultrasound diagnosisPublication . Costa-Dias, S; Swinson, S; Torrão, H; Gonçalves, L; Kurochka, S; Vaz, CP; Mendes, VWe describe a systematic approach to the ultrasound (US) examination of the antropyloric region in children. US is the modality of choice for the diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). The imaging features of the normal pylorus and the diagnostic findings in HPS are reviewed and illustrated in this pictorial essay. Common difficulties in performing the examination and tips to help overcome them will also be discussed. Main Messages • Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis is defined by thickening of the muscular layer and failure in relaxation of the pyloric canal. • The main diagnostic criterion is a measurement of more than 3mm in thickness of the muscular layer. • Abnormal elongation of the canal is characterised as greater than 12 mm in length.